LOLCATS

: /usr/share/doc/python2-docs/html/reference/ [ drwxr-xr-x ]

Information Server

System: Linux server.divulgacomercio.com.br 4.18.0-513.18.1.el8_9.x86_64 #1 SMP Thu Feb 22 03:02:37 EST 2024 x86_64
Software: Apache
PHP Version: 7.2.34 PHP Os: Linux
Server IP: 194.163.167.145
Your IP: 216.73.217.59
User: vozdeabrantescom [2987] | Group: [vozdeabrantescom] [2988]
Safe Mode: OFF
MYSQL: OFF | PERL: OFF | PYTHON: OFF | WGET: OFF | CURL: ON | GCC: OFF | PKEXEC: OFF
Disable Function:

exec,passthru,shell_exec,system,proc_open,popen

Command OFF Config Searcher Create RDP Find Modified Time Find File Get Tools GSocket Jumping Lock File Mass Deface Mass Delete Mass Chmod Mass Change Date Port Scan Reverse Shell Upload Zone-H

: toplevel_components.html

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"
  "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
  <head>
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" />
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
    <title>8. Top-level components &#8212; Python 2.7.16 documentation</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/classic.css" type="text/css" />
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="../_static/pygments.css" type="text/css" />
    <script type="text/javascript" id="documentation_options" data-url_root="../" src="../_static/documentation_options.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/jquery.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/underscore.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/doctools.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/sidebar.js"></script>
    <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml"
          title="Search within Python 2.7.16 documentation"
          href="../_static/opensearch.xml"/>
    <link rel="author" title="About these documents" href="../about.html" />
    <link rel="index" title="Index" href="../genindex.html" />
    <link rel="search" title="Search" href="../search.html" />
    <link rel="copyright" title="Copyright" href="../copyright.html" />
    <link rel="next" title="9. Full Grammar specification" href="grammar.html" />
    <link rel="prev" title="7. Compound statements" href="compound_stmts.html" />
    <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/png" href="../_static/py.png" />
    <link rel="canonical" href="https://docs.python.org/2/reference/toplevel_components.html" />
    <script type="text/javascript" src="../_static/copybutton.js"></script>

</head><body>  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             accesskey="I">index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="grammar.html" title="9. Full Grammar specification"
             accesskey="N">next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="compound_stmts.html" title="7. Compound statements"
             accesskey="P">previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> &#187;
        </li>

<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" accesskey="U">The Python Language Reference</a> &#187;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>

<div class="document">
      <div class="documentwrapper">
        <div class="bodywrapper">
          <div class="body" role="main">
            
  <div class="section" id="top-level-components">
<span id="top-level"></span><h1>8. Top-level components<a class="headerlink" href="#top-level-components" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h1>
<p id="index-0">The Python interpreter can get its input from a number of sources: from a script
passed to it as standard input or as program argument, typed in interactively,
from a module source file, etc.  This chapter gives the syntax used in these
cases.</p>
<div class="section" id="complete-python-programs">
<span id="programs"></span><h2>8.1. Complete Python programs<a class="headerlink" href="#complete-python-programs" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<span class="target" id="index-1"></span><p id="index-2">While a language specification need not prescribe how the language interpreter
is invoked, it is useful to have a notion of a complete Python program.  A
complete Python program is executed in a minimally initialized environment: all
built-in and standard modules are available, but none have been initialized,
except for <a class="reference internal" href="../library/sys.html#module-sys" title="sys: Access system-specific parameters and functions."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">sys</span></code></a> (various system services), <a class="reference internal" href="../library/__builtin__.html#module-__builtin__" title="__builtin__: The module that provides the built-in namespace."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__builtin__</span></code></a> (built-in
functions, exceptions and <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">None</span></code>) and <a class="reference internal" href="../library/__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a>.  The latter is used to
provide the local and global namespace for execution of the complete program.</p>
<p>The syntax for a complete Python program is that for file input, described in
the next section.</p>
<p id="index-3">The interpreter may also be invoked in interactive mode; in this case, it does
not read and execute a complete program but reads and executes one statement
(possibly compound) at a time.  The initial environment is identical to that of
a complete program; each statement is executed in the namespace of
<a class="reference internal" href="../library/__main__.html#module-__main__" title="__main__: The environment where the top-level script is run."><code class="xref py py-mod docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">__main__</span></code></a>.</p>
<p id="index-4">A complete program can be passed to the interpreter
in three forms: with the <a class="reference internal" href="../using/cmdline.html#cmdoption-c"><code class="xref std std-option docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">-c</span></code></a> <em>string</em> command line option, as a file
passed as the first command line argument, or as standard input. If the file
or standard input is a tty device, the interpreter enters interactive mode;
otherwise, it executes the file as a complete program.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="file-input">
<span id="id1"></span><h2>8.2. File input<a class="headerlink" href="#file-input" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>All input read from non-interactive files has the same form:</p>
<pre>
<strong id="grammar-token-file_input">file_input</strong> ::=  (NEWLINE | <a class="reference internal" href="compound_stmts.html#grammar-token-statement"><code class="xref docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">statement</span></code></a>)*
</pre>
<p>This syntax is used in the following situations:</p>
<ul class="simple">
<li>when parsing a complete Python program (from a file or from a string);</li>
<li>when parsing a module;</li>
<li>when parsing a string passed to the <a class="reference internal" href="simple_stmts.html#exec"><code class="xref std std-keyword docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">exec</span></code></a> statement;</li>
</ul>
</div>
<div class="section" id="interactive-input">
<span id="interactive"></span><h2>8.3. Interactive input<a class="headerlink" href="#interactive-input" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<p>Input in interactive mode is parsed using the following grammar:</p>
<pre>
<strong id="grammar-token-interactive_input">interactive_input</strong> ::=  [<a class="reference internal" href="compound_stmts.html#grammar-token-stmt_list"><code class="xref docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">stmt_list</span></code></a>] NEWLINE | <a class="reference internal" href="compound_stmts.html#grammar-token-compound_stmt"><code class="xref docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">compound_stmt</span></code></a> NEWLINE
</pre>
<p>Note that a (top-level) compound statement must be followed by a blank line in
interactive mode; this is needed to help the parser detect the end of the input.</p>
</div>
<div class="section" id="expression-input">
<span id="id2"></span><h2>8.4. Expression input<a class="headerlink" href="#expression-input" title="Permalink to this headline">¶</a></h2>
<span class="target" id="index-5"></span><p id="index-6">There are two forms of expression input.  Both ignore leading whitespace. The
string argument to <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#eval" title="eval"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">eval()</span></code></a> must have the following form:</p>
<pre>
<strong id="grammar-token-eval_input">eval_input</strong> ::=  <a class="reference internal" href="expressions.html#grammar-token-expression_list"><code class="xref docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">expression_list</span></code></a> NEWLINE*
</pre>
<p id="index-7">The input line read by <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#input" title="input"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">input()</span></code></a> must have the following form:</p>
<pre>
<strong id="grammar-token-input_input">input_input</strong> ::=  <a class="reference internal" href="expressions.html#grammar-token-expression_list"><code class="xref docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">expression_list</span></code></a> NEWLINE
</pre>
<p id="index-8">Note: to read ‘raw’ input line without interpretation, you can use the built-in
function <a class="reference internal" href="../library/functions.html#raw_input" title="raw_input"><code class="xref py py-func docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">raw_input()</span></code></a> or the <a class="reference internal" href="../library/readline.html#module-readline" title="readline: GNU readline support for Python. (Unix)"><code class="xref py py-meth docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">readline()</span></code></a> method of file objects.</p>
</div>
</div>

</div>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="sphinxsidebar" role="navigation" aria-label="main navigation">
        <div class="sphinxsidebarwrapper">
  <h3><a href="../contents.html">Table Of Contents</a></h3>
  <ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#">8. Top-level components</a><ul>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#complete-python-programs">8.1. Complete Python programs</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#file-input">8.2. File input</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#interactive-input">8.3. Interactive input</a></li>
<li><a class="reference internal" href="#expression-input">8.4. Expression input</a></li>
</ul>
</li>
</ul>

<h4>Previous topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="compound_stmts.html"
                        title="previous chapter">7. Compound statements</a></p>
  <h4>Next topic</h4>
  <p class="topless"><a href="grammar.html"
                        title="next chapter">9. Full Grammar specification</a></p>
  <div role="note" aria-label="source link">
    <h3>This Page</h3>
    <ul class="this-page-menu">
      <li><a href="../_sources/reference/toplevel_components.rst.txt"
            rel="nofollow">Show Source</a></li>
    </ul>
   </div>
<div id="searchbox" style="display: none" role="search">
  <h3>Quick search</h3>
    <div class="searchformwrapper">
    <form class="search" action="../search.html" method="get">
      <input type="text" name="q" />
      <input type="submit" value="Go" />
      <input type="hidden" name="check_keywords" value="yes" />
      <input type="hidden" name="area" value="default" />
    </form>
    </div>
</div>
<script type="text/javascript">$('#searchbox').show(0);</script>
        </div>
      </div>
      <div class="clearer"></div>
    </div>  
    <div class="related" role="navigation" aria-label="related navigation">
      <h3>Navigation</h3>
      <ul>
        <li class="right" style="margin-right: 10px">
          <a href="../genindex.html" title="General Index"
             >index</a></li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="../py-modindex.html" title="Python Module Index"
             >modules</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="grammar.html" title="9. Full Grammar specification"
             >next</a> |</li>
        <li class="right" >
          <a href="compound_stmts.html" title="7. Compound statements"
             >previous</a> |</li>
        <li><img src="../_static/py.png" alt=""
                 style="vertical-align: middle; margin-top: -1px"/></li>
        <li><a href="https://www.python.org/">Python</a> &#187;</li>
        <li>
          <a href="../index.html">Python 2.7.16 documentation</a> &#187;
        </li>

<li class="nav-item nav-item-1"><a href="index.html" >The Python Language Reference</a> &#187;</li> 
      </ul>
    </div>  
    <div class="footer">
    &copy; <a href="../copyright.html">Copyright</a> 1990-2019, Python Software Foundation.
    <br />
    The Python Software Foundation is a non-profit corporation.
    <a href="https://www.python.org/psf/donations/">Please donate.</a>
    <br />
    Last updated on Mar 27, 2019.
    <a href="../bugs.html">Found a bug</a>?
    <br />
    Created using <a href="http://sphinx.pocoo.org/">Sphinx</a> 1.7.6.
    </div>

</body>
</html>

NAME	TYPE	LAST MODIFIED	SIZE	OWNER / GROUP	PERMISSIONS	ACTION
..
compound_stmts.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	64.3 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
datamodel.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	244.49 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
executionmodel.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	26.85 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
expressions.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	148.17 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
grammar.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	36.04 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
index.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	16.08 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
introduction.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	14.31 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
lexical_analysis.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	62.27 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
simple_stmts.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	98.2 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--
toplevel_components.html	f!le	2019-03-27 12:19	13.2 KB	root / root	-rw-r--r--